The reason why education is so useful for shaping people is because people’s “young state continues” for a long time, that is, a long time for the young state from birth to independent to make a living;”Realize” socialization “and master the culture and social skills needed for survival, and education happens mainly at this stage, becoming the key to whether a person can better complete the” socialization “.

Education is part of the social system. To understand education, our teachers need to understand the society.As a complex system, its research has also formed a professional science called sociology.Although we live in society every day, we need to systematically understand the society, such as the reading of sociological books.In recent years, some teachers and friends let me recommend sociological books, because the field is too wide and the literature is like a sea. I do n’t know how to choose books and read to meet the needs of improving the basic literacy of teachers.Although there are recommendations, they are always very panicked. I am afraid that the way is wrong. Not only is there a large number of sociological books itself, it is difficult to determine which one is recommended.I can only recommend it based on my limited understanding.From the perspective of personal understanding of education and teachers, the following is based on the teacher’s understanding of education and the understanding of the characteristics of social development and the characteristics of the times. Based on the principles of concern, readability, and funRead the book.

The era of social transformation out of the country: Knowing Chinese society

To understand Chinese society, from the perspective of modern China from the original farming society to the modern industrial society and information society, Fei Xiaotong’s “Local China” is a good reading of China as a “local” farming society, becauseThis book has been selected as a high school textbook as part of the entire book reading.This book became a book in 1948, and time has been in a hurry for more than 70 years, and this is an era when China and the world have changed drastically. Continuing the follow -up works of this classic book reflecting the development of the current era.For “Calling Time” “Local China”, as well as Lu Yilong’s “Houfu China” and He Xuefeng’s “New Turk China”, as well as Zhai Xuewei’s “Regeneration of Humanity, Face and Power”, etc.In terms of experience in China’s social changes and causes in nearly decades.Some articles in the “Emperor’s Power and Gentle Rights” and Lin Yaohua’s “Golden Wing” in “Imperial Power and Gentleman’s Power” and Wu Yan can also be watched with “China”.

In the era of severe changes, some social phenomena and problems are highlighted.For example, in the traditional society, because of the slow social changes, the survival experience of the parents is passed on to the students, which is basically enough, so the age has become capital, but in the era of increasingly violent changes in modern society, the phenomenon of “cultural feeding” appeared. YoungIn turn, people teach their father’s knowledge and skills.It is recommended that Zhou Xiaohong’s “Cultural Feeding” can provide us with a change in the era of intergenerational relationships and family education in the new era.At the same time, the issues of social trust in the violent social changes have also become worthy of special attention. Regarding the biological foundation of trust, the simplified function of simplifying the complexity, and the transformation of modern society from interpersonal trust to system trust, etc.”On” is a work with good ideas and language in this field.The “Logic of City China” (by Chen Yingfang), which reflects the change of local China to urbanization, and the two books (Xiang Yan), which reflects the social and rural junction of the rural and the city, can refer to it together.

As a sociology everyone, Fei Xiaotong’s “Fei Xiaotong Prose” can be read. Seeing a sociological thought expressed by a sociologist in the way of prose, don’t have a taste.It is unique to publish a collection of prose collection with writers such as Qian Zhongshu and Yang Yan.Another more popular and more popular sociological theory with the many phenomena of the current society into a book “Think: Thinking Like Sociologists” is a new work of Yan Fei of Tsinghua University. It can be regarded as a “Understand the keys of the times “.

Teachers who are concerned about social layers can read Li Qiang’s “Ten Lectures on Social Layers” and the “Research Report on Contemporary Chinese Social Class” edited by Lu Xueyi.In addition, the “Market Transformation and Social Stratification: Analysis of China” edited by Bian Yanjie can see the layers of Chinese society from another perspective, mainly because some American scholars (or Chinese Chinese) in this field are under the planned economic systemThe research results of social layering analysis, market transformation and changes in social layering systems.

Modernity and Diploma Society: Global Vision

Max Weber’s “Protestant Ethics and Capitalism” is a classic masterpiece, which is inspiring to understand the rise of capitalism in the West, and it is more beneficial to understanding the modernity of contemporary society.Zomel’s “Currency Philosophy” and contemporary American sociologist Vivienna Zelizer’s “Social Significance of Money: Currency and other currencies such as private house money, wages, relief funds” can be combined to help us understand capitalism and moneySignificance.Anthony Gaden’s “Modernity and Self -identity” is a good work that understands self -social relationships in modern society. Its subtitles are “self -and society in late modern modernity.”If you want to know many phenomena of our great era, the book “Great Transformation: Politics and Economic Order” of Karl Polkani must be read. The first edition was nearly 80 years since 1944, but it has been nearly 80 years, but it has been nearly 80 years, but it has been it, but it has been, but it has been, but it has been, but it has been, but it has been itThe ideological penetration was amazing. American sociologist Michael Blovi proposed the “third wave” along this idea, and we were in this wave.The book introduces how the market that we think of for granted is to disconnect from social relations to erode society. The spontaneous adjustment market has never appeared. The expansion of the market brings the reverse movement of social self -protection.The “World War I” and “World War II” in the World War were the consequences of reverse movement brought about by the first two market expansion movements.Reading this book can also be matched with Ulrich Baker’s “Risk Society”.

Diploma society is also one of the consequences of modern development.”Diploma Society: History of Education and Layers” published by Randel Collins in 1979 announced the arrival of a diploma society.Although the imperial examinations in China are closely related to the ancient times in ancient times, the academic qualifications and certificates have penetrated into the social, political economy and culture.Education not only improves the knowledge and skills of the educated people, but also assumes the functions of social layers and flow.Education’s arms competition is also difficult to alleviate.The Privilege of Simos Khan, a professor of sociology at the University of Columbia University: Behind the Saint Paul Middle School Elite Education “how to cultivate students’ elite consciousness and behavior in daily life in daily life.Very wonderful presentation.”Heirs: College Student and Culture”, which is co -authored by Piel Burdiehe, separates social inequality from the social layers through the elite culture trained by school education, from another perspective.Following the replacement of the birth and class status, it was revealed.The British Paul Welse’s “Learning Working: Why the Class Class Children inherit the Father’s Industry” tells the same reason.Robert Patnam’s “Our Child” and Annte Laru’s “Uneminary Childhood” show the social situation of “the cold door is difficult to get out of expensive son” from the American example.These works have a lot of value to understand the phenomenon of “arms competitions” discussed by Zheng Yefu in the book “Education and pathology of our country”.

About Knowledge: The perspective of knowledge sociology

Teachers, as scholars, are also intellectuals.If you want to understand the group of scholars, there are a few books that can be read in knowledge sociology.Karl Mannheim’s “Ideology and Utopia” is a pioneering classic in this field.Lewis Kesse’s “Personal: A Sociology Examination” is traced back to the social background of Western intellectuals, revealing how the social and political situation supports or hinders the ideas of these people, and how they areBreaking the impact of obstacles and the world of western ideas.Recommended reading for teachers who care about contemporary intellectuals, living conditions, and future prospects.Burdie’s “National Elite: Famous Brand University and Group Spirit” book regards the essence of education as a “national magic”. It ensures the operation and conversion of power through the capital power of specific symbols of reproduction, thereby maintaining social order.This is performed through a certain surface neutral form, realizing the reproduction of class or class.At the same time, you can read Zheng Yefu’s “Intellectual Research”.

From the perspective of the inheritance and innovation of the knowledge of knowledge, from the study of laws from the changes in the wisdom of human society in ancient and modern Chinese and the West, Collins’ “Sociology of Philosophy Sociology: The Global Theory of Intellectual Change” began.The philosopher here is a more accomplished “knowledge person”.For example, in terms of the number of philosophers compared with different levels of China and Greece, in 2100 years, China has appeared 25 major philosophers in about 63 generations, about 84 years;,etc.But in fact, it does not appear in time, but talents.For example, the new Confucianism in the Song Dynasty, Cheng Yan and Cheng Yi were brothers, Zhou Dunyi was the teacher of the second journey, Zhang Zai was their cousin, and Shao Yong was their neighbor.This is very interesting, and care about why a class, school or region “appear in groups of talents” may wish to see the truth in the book.

The study of the history of Chinese sociology is also part of the knowledge person who is a sociologist.Yan Ming’s “History of Chinese Sociology: A Discipline and One Age” can be read with Lu Yuan’s “Inheritance and Fracture: Chinese Sociology and Sociologists in Drama”.If you want to further understand the relationship between the development of sociological development since the reform and opening up and the personal life process of sociologists, it is recommended to read Zhou Xiaohong’s “Rebuilding Chinese Sociology: 40 Sociologists Volual Records (1979-2019)”, and “1979-2019), and” “”, 1979-2019 “, and” 1979-2019) “, and” 1979-2019), “, and” 1979-2019), “, and” 1979-2019) “,” “Sociologists interviewed with their own experiences about the discipline of that era and the growth process of scholars themselves.

What is sociology: broadening the horizon of sociology

If you want to broaden the perspective of sociology, you have a certain understanding of classical sociology. It is recommended to read the “Sociology Ideological Master” by American sociologist Lewis Cos.This book helps us understand the history and ideological development history of sociology through the introduction of the life and works of sociologists in sociology.In this regard, you can also refer to Jia Chunzeng’s “History of Foreign Sociology”.Tuergan’s “Suicide Theory” can be used to understand how individual behavior is affected by social structure power. This is also an early classic of sociological experience research, which has a great impact on the development of sociology later.Kose’s “Function of Social Conflict” is a better breakthrough in Parsons’s “structural functionalism”. Among them, the concept of the “security valve” is that understanding conflict is not just a negative function.”The disclosure of the role is meaningful.

Sociology is closely integrated with daily life. Peter Brau’s “Exchange and Power in Social Life” and Owen Goffman’s “Self -presentation in daily life” can help us understand daily life, and experience everywhere in life.Sociology’s eyes.You can also refer to Fei Xiaotong’s collections of “Herbal Re -Restaurant” in his later years, which is a model of knowledge and thinking about sociological knowledge from daily life and practice.

Finally, there are different works to answer this question about “what is sociology?”Peter Berg’s “Tour with Sociology: Perspective of Humanism”, Qiu Zeqi’s “What is Sociology”, and Zhao Dingxin’s “What is Sociology” can be selected from it.If you want to view the sociology from the perspective of an Introduction, I recommend Gadenus’s “Sociology” and Zheng Hangsheng’s “Introduction to Sociology Introduction” and other textbooks.”The Imagination of Sociology” is a classic work of Wright Mills, which has a huge influence in the social (science) academic community.The core of sociological imagination is to connect the ability of personal encounters with the grand social structure and historical changes to form public issues.Although this book is generally strenuous, it is necessary to understand its core ideas.Mills has a famous saying: “I strive to be objective, but never indifferent.” This sentence expresses the literacy that a sociologist should have: a scientific spirit and humanistic feelings.This is also the spirit that educators also have.

(The author is a professor at the School of Ethnology and Sociology, Central University for Nationalities)

“China Education News” October 13, 2021, 9th edition 9